Uchida Severe Dysmyelination Human Neural Stem Cells Induce Functional Myelination in Mice with

neural stem cell transplantation in PMD and other dysmyelination disorders. transplantation region in three of the four patients. These results support further study of potential clinical benefits of derived myelination in the − were used to assess myelination. The imaging results were consistent with donor cell tolerated. Magnetic resonance imaging techniques, performed before transplant and five times in the following year, Human neural stem cells were transplanted directly into the brain; the procedure and transplantation were well Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD), a rare X-linked condition in which oligodendrocytes cannot myelinate axons. . then tested the safety and efficacy of such cells in four young boys with a severe, fatal form of et al Gupta which ensheathed axons and improved nerve conduction in both categories of mice. In an open-label phase 1 study, dysmyelination. These transplanted cells preferentially differentiated into oligodendrocytes that generated myelin, newborn mice were asymptomatic, the juvenile mice were already symptomatic and displayed advanced mice. Whereas the Shi stem cells, which had been expanded and banked, into the brains of newborn and juvenile . transplanted human neural et al ) mice, a hypomyelination model, could prolong survival. In the new work, Uchida Shi ( shiverer disorders. Previous work showed that transplantation of human oligodendrocyte progenitors into newborn as a potential treatment for such −− which can differentiate into myelin-producing oligodendrocytes −− stem cells . now investigate the use of neural et al . and Gupta et al nervous system cause severe neurological decline. Uchida the rapid transmission of nerve impulses and in axon integrity, mutations that affect myelin formation in the central can have destructive effects. Because of myelin's crucial roles in promoting −− the myelin sheath −− around nerve fibers Faulty insulation around household wiring is an electric shock and fire hazard; likewise, defects in the insulation Bringing Insulation Up to Code